模具加工中模具變形的發(fā)生是指模具在工作項目中發(fā)生過大的彈性變形或塑性變形，使模具無法正常工作或產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不合格。原因及排除方法如下。
The occurrence of mold deformation in mold processing refers to the excessive elastic deformation or plastic deformation of the mold in the work project, which makes the mold unable to work normally or the product quality unqualified. The causes and troubleshooting are as follows.
剛性不足
Insufficient rigidity
在注塑成型過程中，模具承受著巨大的保壓壓力。如果這種壓力導致模具永久變形，模具將無法使用，但即使在彈性限度內(nèi)，模具產(chǎn)生的變形也可以恢復。模具的凝固和成型會使模具的打開變得困難甚至不可能。發(fā)生這種情況時，無法對模具進行結(jié)構(gòu)改造，但可適當降低注射壓力，或從外部加裝框架以增強剛性。雖然不好看，但是也用過。
In the process of injection molding, the mold bears great pressure. If this pressure causes permanent deformation of the die, the die will not be used, but the deformation generated by the die can be recovered even within the elastic limit. The solidification and molding of the mold will make the opening of the mold difficult or even impossible. In this case, the structure of the mold cannot be modified, but the injection pressure can be appropriately reduced or a frame can be added from the outside to enhance the rigidity. Although it doesn't look good, it's also used.
模具裝配錯位
Mold assembly dislocation
如果模具組裝不當，如模具對中不良，合模部位及其接頭對位不準確，造成熔體充填不平衡，容易造成模具變形或錯位。對此，應重新組裝模具，有時可以通過校正澆口來校正充模不平衡。
If the mold is not assembled properly, such as poor alignment of the mold, inaccurate alignment of the clamping part and its joint, resulting in unbalanced melt filling, which is easy to cause mold deformation or dislocation. In this regard, the mold should be reassembled. Sometimes the mold filling imbalance can be corrected by correcting the gate.
模具的正確使用和保養(yǎng)是提高模具質(zhì)量的一大因素。比如模具的安裝調(diào)試方法要合適，有熱流道的情況下，電源接線要正確，冷卻水回路要符合設(shè)計要求，注塑機的參數(shù)，模具制作過程中的壓鑄機和壓力機應符合設(shè)計要求。
The correct use and maintenance of molds is a major factor in improving the quality of molds. For example, the installation and commissioning method of the mold should be appropriate. When there is a hot runner, the power wiring should be correct, the cooling water circuit should meet the design requirements, the parameters of the injection molding machine, and the die casting machine and press in the process of mold manufacturing should meet the design requirements.
濟南注塑加工人員認為在正確使用模具的同時，還需要對模具進行定期保養(yǎng)。導柱、導套等與模具有相對運動的部位應經(jīng)常加注潤滑油。對于鍛造模、塑料模、壓鑄模等模具，成型前應在成型件表面噴涂潤滑劑或脫模劑。
Jinan injection molding workers believe that while using the mold correctly, they also need to maintain the mold regularly. The parts with relative movement with the die such as guide post and guide sleeve shall be filled with lubricating oil frequently. For forging dies, plastic dies, die-casting dies and other dies, lubricant or release agent shall be sprayed on the surface of the formed parts before forming.
所以模具設(shè)計時要考慮周全，包括模具材料的選用，模具結(jié)構(gòu)的可使用性及安全性，模具零件的可加工性及模具維修的方便性，這些在設(shè)計時都要考慮到，權(quán)衡綜合性能，有利因素很大化。
Therefore, the mold design should be considered comprehensively, including the selection of mold materials, the usability and safety of mold structure, the machinability of mold parts and the convenience of mold maintenance. These should be taken into account in the design to weigh the comprehensive performance and greatly reduce the favorable factors.
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